Journal Articles

  • Special Delivery? The European Council and the March 2025 Defence Summit

    Special Delivery? The European Council and the March 2025 Defence Summit

    The 6 March 2025 European Council special meeting focused on European defence and support to Ukraine. European leaders have put-off answering fundamental questions related to European security guarantees. The special European Council meeting set the parameters for a substantial increase in European defence spending. CSDS Policy Brief Read Read more

  • Spending Our Way Out of a Crisis? The Challenges and Benefits of ReArming Europe

    Spending Our Way Out of a Crisis? The Challenges and Benefits of ReArming Europe

    The European Commission has announced a €800 billion increase in defence spending, but this figure masks the challenges facing Europe’s defence market. The injection of €150 billion worth of loans for defence raises questions about the real needs of Europe’s defence. The European Commission is set to introduce a raft of new measures to support Read more

  • All in? The revival of the Spanish and European defence industry

    All in? The revival of the Spanish and European defence industry

    Meeting at an informal leaders’ retreat in Brussels in early February 2025, EU leaders were keen to establish the political guidelines for a host of defence policy developments in 2025. In the context of the continuing war against Ukraine, and the uncertainties posed by the new US Administration, Europeans are set to bolster their cooperation Read more

  • Unity is Not Enough: How will Europe Navigate the Trumpian Era of Geopolitical Competition?

    Unity is Not Enough: How will Europe Navigate the Trumpian Era of Geopolitical Competition?

    The second Trump presidency will in many ways be unique, but Europeans will likely still pursue the short-term tactics of keeping a low profile or enhancing bilateralism with the United States (US). Europeans may try to play President Trump at his own game through transactionalism, or to engage with China and others to hedge against Read more

  • Integrated Arsenals? Mapping Defence Industrial Relations Between Europe and Ukraine

    Integrated Arsenals? Mapping Defence Industrial Relations Between Europe and Ukraine

    Since Russia’s war on Ukraine, defence industrial cooperation between the European Union and Ukraine has been put high on the agenda. In addition to the armament deliveries being made to Kyiv, there is now the ambition to integrate Ukraine within the EU and the European Defence Technological and Industrial Base. To this end, governments and Read more

  • Manufacturing Defence: Europe, the Republic of Korea and Defence Industrial Cooperation

    Manufacturing Defence: Europe, the Republic of Korea and Defence Industrial Cooperation

    South Korea has emerged as a major supplier to European militaries, and this has helped with Europe’s imminent need for military rejuvenation. Given the quality of South Korean defence equipment and supplies, Seoul is viewed with credibility in the defence sector and this bodes well for future cooperation. There remain challenges to closer and long-term Read more