• Relations with the Rest of the World: From Chaos to Consolidation?

    Relations with the Rest of the World: From Chaos to Consolidation?

    Our 2012 review painted a picture of an EU pulled between a seemingly inexorable series of internal crises, on the one hand, and myriad external demands, on the other (Hadfield and Fiott, 2013). The year 2013 largely continued the theme of balancing slow-paced internal consolidation with increasingly demanding diplomatic requirements…

  • Europe after the U.S. Pivot

    Europe after the U.S. Pivot

    Insofar as Europe’s security and cohesion have for decades been premised upon a strong American political and strategic engagement, Washington’s intention to “rebalance” to Asia casts a shadow over the sustainability of a stable and coherent geopolitical order on the continent. This article argues that as the United States seeks…

  • The Juncker Commission and Europe’s Defence

    The Juncker Commission and Europe’s Defence

    The decision by the incoming President of the European Commission, Jean-Claude Juncker, to merge the internal market and industry portfolios under one commissioner is an intelligent move. Of course, it is not the first time this has been attempted. Some may recall that Étienne Davignon was the Commissioner for Internal…

  • Defence R&D in Europe

    Defence R&D in Europe

    Introduction Research and Technology (R&T) and Research and Development (R&D) are critical ele- ments in the production of defence capabilities: without scientific and engineering inge- nuity, technological advances in the defence sphere cannot be made. R&T is the critical beginning phase in the development of defence capabilities. It is in…

  • One Size to Fit All? Setting Standards for European Defence

    One Size to Fit All? Setting Standards for European Defence

    Abstract While the crisis in Ukraine may contribute to a revision of defence expenditures in a number of European countries, the task of finding the right balance between cost-effective and strategically-relevant defence spending in Europe is still critical. As defence expenditure generally remains in decline across Europe, a range of…

  • Reducing the Environmental Bootprint? Competition and Regulation in the Greening of Europe’s Defense Sector

    Reducing the Environmental Bootprint? Competition and Regulation in the Greening of Europe’s Defense Sector

    As part of the European Union’s (EU) renewable energy and climate targets and its drive for sustainability, energy efficiency, and environmental protection, various elements of the defense sector in Europe are undertaking their own green initiatives. This is particularly important as the defense sector is one of the biggest public…

  • No TTIP-ing Point for European Defence?

    No TTIP-ing Point for European Defence?

    Abstract The EU-US Summit on 26 March will mark eight months since the partners decided to formally launch negotiations on a Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP). The aim of the TTIP – if finalised – is to remove tariffs, align regulatory standards and open up government procurement. Born out…

  • An Industrious European Council on Defence?

    An Industrious European Council on Defence?

    The December 2013 Council meeting set in motion a number of important “roadmaps” for defence-industrial policy in Europe. Now the member states, the European Defence Agency and European Commission need to be aware of the potential roadblocks ahead. Egmont Institute, 2014, No. 53 Read it here

  • The State of Defence in Europe: State of Emergency?

    The State of Defence in Europe: State of Emergency?

    When a doctor calls for a thorough examination of the state of a patient’s health, he hopes that everything will turn out to be alright, but it really means that he fears there is a serious problem. Likewise, when Herman Van Rompuy called for the European Council of which he…

  • The ‘TTIP-ing Point’: How the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership Could Impact European Defence

    The ‘TTIP-ing Point’: How the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership Could Impact European Defence

    The European Union and the United States are on the verge of agreeing to a transatlantic free trade agreement. The proposed Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership is aimed at boosting EU and US economic growth, but the negotiating partners have not excluded the defence sector from negotiations. Europe is at…

  • More Competitive, More Efficient? The 2013 European Commission Defence Communication

    More Competitive, More Efficient? The 2013 European Commission Defence Communication

    The European Commission has now released its 2013 Communication on defence-industrial policy. But does the latest set of policy ideas offer European defence-industrial cooperation any new impetus? This Brief argues that while the majority of the Commission’s initiatives are not new, some much needed ideas have made their way into…

  • Realist Thought and Humanitarian Intervention

    Realist Thought and Humanitarian Intervention

    This article seeks to test the assumption that realism is completely hostile to the ethical and political notions of humanitarian intervention. The popular understanding of realism states that the national interest and international order will always trump the moral impulse to assist those suffering gross human-rights abuses at the hands…

  • The Common Security and Defence Policy and IR Theory

    The Common Security and Defence Policy and IR Theory

    Since its inception over a decade ago, the European Union’s (EU) Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) has seen the deployment of over 25 missions to various locations in the EU’s near and wider neighbourhood. Working under an EU banner and policy mechanisms, a number of member states have cooperated…

  • Europe and the Rest of the World

    Europe and the Rest of the World

    There were a number of leitmotifs by which to identify the European Union’s activities in 2012. The first of these was the eurozone crisis. A second theme was the change (or not) of key personnel: the election of François Hollande in France, the re-election of American President Barack Obama in…

  • Improving CSDP Planning and Capability Development: Could there be a ‘Frontex Formula’?

    Improving CSDP Planning and Capability Development: Could there be a ‘Frontex Formula’?

    The newly agreed operational rules for Frontex allows the Agency to, among other things, buy or lease its own equipment for missions and/or to do so in co-ownership with the Member States and to request national seconded staff for its operations. The new rules are a major step forward in…

  • The Sahel Crisis: Where do European and African Perspectives Meet?

    The Sahel Crisis: Where do European and African Perspectives Meet?

    The crisis in Mali has brought the Sahel to the centre of international attention. This fragile region not only suffers from longstanding development challenges, but also from an acute security vacuum that has triggered military intervention. Many questions have arisen as a consequence of the crisis. Has the European Union…

  • Safeguarding the EDTIB: the Case for Supervising non-EU FDI in the Defence Sector

    Safeguarding the EDTIB: the Case for Supervising non-EU FDI in the Defence Sector

    It is time for the EU member states to start collectively supervising non-EU FDI in Europe’s defence industries and infrastructures. This should be a prudent element of the nascent EDTIB and a way to maintain European security by encouraging greater coordination between the national supervisory frameworks. Egmont Institute, 2012, No.…

  • How to Avoid the Three Pitfalls of European Strategy

    How to Avoid the Three Pitfalls of European Strategy

    European academics, think‐tankers and policy-makers make three consistent and critical errors when debating strategy: firstly, they do not clearly define what they mean by “strategy” – a problem that has long haunted the field of strategic studies; secondly, and as a result, they tend to speak of European strategic interests,…

  • How Europeanised has Maltese Foreign Policy Become?

    How Europeanised has Maltese Foreign Policy Become?

    This essay focuses on the degree to which Maltese foreign policy has become Europeanized because of its membership in the European Union. The author focuses on three trends resulting from the Europeanization process: first, the ways in which Malta’s national policies and political structures have become altered to meet the…

  • The French White Paper on Defence and National Security: NATO, Nuclear Weapons and Space

    The French White Paper on Defence and National Security: NATO, Nuclear Weapons and Space

    The 17 June unveiling of the French White Paper on Defence and National Security2 comes at a period of evolution in French defence and security policy. Reformation of its armed forces, its ambitions to re-integrate into the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation’s (NATO) military command and its plans to enhance the…